Electricity derived from pressure is known as what type of effect?

The correct term for electricity derived from pressure is the piezoelectric effect. This phenomenon occurs in certain materials when they generate an electrical charge in response to mechanical stress or pressure applied to them. When these materials are deformed, either through compression or tension, the internal distribution of charges is altered, resulting in an electrical voltage.

This concept is utilized in various applications, such as in sensors, actuators, and energy harvesting devices, where mechanical movement can be converted into electrical signals or power. The piezoelectric effect is critical in many technologies, including microphones, speakers, and certain kinds of accelerometers.

The other types of effects listed do not relate to pressure in the same way. For instance, the thermoelectric effect pertains to the generation of electricity through temperature differences, while the electromagnetic effect involves interactions between electric and magnetic fields. The capacitive effect relates to the ability of a system to hold electric charge but does not involve pressure-induced electricity generation.