What is the name of the condition when photons bombards a poor conductor and causes it to free more electrons?

The correct answer is the term that refers to the phenomenon where photons bombard a material and cause the release of electrons, particularly in the context of conductive materials. This specific process is called the photoelectric effect. In the photoelectric effect, when photons strike the surface of certain materials, they can impart enough energy to electrons to overcome the attractive forces holding them in the material, allowing them to escape.

While photoconduction refers to the increase in electrical conductivity of a material when exposed to light, it does not specifically capture the mechanism of electronic emission due to photon energy. Photovoltaic action involves the creation of voltage and current in a material due to the absorption of light, which is different from the specific electron release indicated in the question. Photoemission typically describes the broader context of electrons being emitted from a material due to various forms of energy input but is not as precise as the photoelectric effect in defining the interaction with photons.

Understanding the distinction helps clarify why the photoelectric effect is key in contexts like photovoltaic technology and electronic applications.