What is the term for the opposition to current flow through a material?

The term for the opposition to current flow through a material is resistance. Resistance is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering and physics, and it describes how a material impedes the flow of electric charge. It is measured in ohms (Ω).

Materials have different resistive properties; for example, metals typically have low resistance and allow electric current to flow freely, while insulators have high resistance and limit current flow. This concept is articulated in Ohm's Law, which states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance.

Understanding resistance is crucial for anyone studying electrical systems and circuits because it affects how components are designed and how they interact within a system. By grasping this concept, apprentices can better understand circuit behavior, troubleshoot issues, and choose appropriate materials for specific applications.