Which method can be employed to force electrons out of their orbits?

The correct understanding of how to force electrons out of their orbits involves the interaction of light with matter. When light, especially at high energies such as ultraviolet or even X-rays, strikes an atom, it can impart enough energy to an electron to overcome the attractive forces holding it within the atom. This process is known as the photoelectric effect, where photons transfer energy to electrons, allowing them to escape from their atomic orbits.

The other methods have different effects on electrons but do not directly cause them to be expelled from their orbits in the same way that light does. For example, while friction can generate heat and cause some thermal agitation, it doesn't specifically liberate electrons at the atomic level. Magnetism affects the motion of charged particles but does not provide the energy needed to free an electron from its orbit. Temperature can influence the overall energy state of a system, but it typically causes electrons to vibrate rather than to escape their orbits unless the temperature is extremely high, which moves into the realm of ionization rather than a simple shift caused by light.

Thus, light is the most direct and effective means to energize electrons enough to overcome their binding energies and detach them from their atomic structure.